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Theory Manual Version 3.4
 Subsubsection 4.2.2.1: Elastic Shell Up Subsection 4.2.2: Shells with front and back face nodal displacements Subsubsection 4.2.2.3: Shell on top of solid element 

4.2.2.2 External work of surface forces

We assume that surface forces are applied on the shell front face ( ). Therefore, the external work of surface forces has the form In other words, the treatment of surface forces on a shell becomes identical to the treatment of surface forces on the face of a solid. No special treatment is needed.
 Subsubsection 4.2.2.1: Elastic Shell Up Subsection 4.2.2: Shells with front and back face nodal displacements Subsubsection 4.2.2.3: Shell on top of solid element