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The material type for a perfect osmometer equilibrium swelling pressure is “perfect osmometer”. The swelling pressure is described by the equations for a perfect osmometer, assuming that the material is porous, containing an interstitial solution whose solutes cannot be exchanged with the external bathing environment; similarly, solutes in the external bathing solution cannot be exchanged with the interstitial fluid of the porous material. Therefore, osmotic pressurization occurs when there is an imbalance between the interstitial and bathing solution osmolarities. Since osmotic swelling must be resisted by a solid matrix, this material is not stable on its own. It must be combined with an elastic material that resists the swelling, using a “solid mixture” container as described in Section 4.1.3.22↓. The following material parameters need to be defined:

<material id="1" type="solid mixture">
  <solid type="perfect osmometer">
    <phiw0>0.8</ phiw0>
    <iosm>300</cF0>
    <bosm lc="1">1</bosm>
  </solid>
  <solid type="neo-Hookean">
    <E>1.0</E>
    <v>0</v>
  </solid>
</material>
<LoadData>
  <loadcurve id="1">
    <loadpoint>0,300</loadpoint>
    <loadpoint>1,1500</loadpoint>
  </loadcurve>
</LoadData>
<Globals>
  <Constants>
    <R>8.314e-6</R>
    <T>310</T>
  </Constants>
</Globals>